The difference between matter and energy is that energy is produced from matter yet has no mass and is the capacity to do work while matter is the physical "stuff" in the universe. Matter needs energy to move.
Energy affects matter by causing changes in state and participating in chemical reactions, while energy and matter are fundamentally different concepts; matter has mass and occupies space, whereas energy is the ability to perform work. Matter is categorized by its physical states, whereas energy comes in various forms like kinetic or potential energy. Their measurements also differ, with matter being quantified in mass units and energy in joules or calories.
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