Why do the two elements, silver and iron, have different properties?
Answer (3)
Silver and iron have different properties since they are placed in different positions in a periodic table .
Iron:
Iron is a lustrous , ductile, malleable , silver-gray metal (group VIII of the periodic table).
It is known to exist in four distinct crystalline forms.
Iron rusts in damp air, but not in dry air.
It dissolves readily in dilute acids .
Iron is the 26th element on the periodic table. It is located in period 4 and group 8.
Silver:
Pure silver is nearly white , lustrous, soft, very ductile , malleable, it is an excellent conductor of hea t and electricity.
It is not a chemically active metal, but it is attacked by nitric acid (forming the nitrate) and by hot concentrated sulfuric acid.
Silver is located in Group 11 (Ib) and Period 5 of the periodic table
Find more information about Periodic table here:
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The different properties of silver and iron can be attributed to their unique atomic structures and chemical properties. Silver is unreactive with water and can be used to create drinking vessels, while iron is a transition metal with electrons in d subshells, leading to a variety of chemical behaviors. For example, iron can form multiple cations like Fe²+ and Fe³+, each conferring different physical and chemical properties to the compounds they form. Contrastingly, silver's reactivity is low, making it less likely to form such diverse compounds.
Irons's ability to form iron oxide, commonly known as rust, shows how its properties change when it reacts with oxygen in the presence of water or moisture. The resultant rust does not share the properties of elemental iron, such as color, density, hardness, or magnetism. Meanwhile, silver remains largely unaffected by exposure to water. These differences in reactivity and compound formation are critical in understanding the distinct characteristics between these two elements.
Additionally, the varied electron configurations, particularly the presence of electrons in the outer s and d subshells, influence the elements' chemical behaviors, further contributing to differing properties. This helps to explain why elements like silver and iron, despite both being metals, exhibit such diverse physical and chemical properties.
Silver and iron have different properties because they are located in different groups on the periodic table, leading to differences in their atomic structures. Iron is known for its strength and reactivity (particularly rusting), while silver is softer, highly malleable, and a great conductor of electricity. These differences make silver less reactive and more valuable for specific applications.
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