The answer is A.
Mongols invaded Russia in the early 13th century.
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The Mongols invaded and conquered Russia in the thirteenth century, leading to widespread destruction and loss of life, particularly during their attack on Kiev in 1240. They established control over the Russian city-states, which became vassals for an extended period. The correct answer is A: Mongols; whole populations were killed, treasures were looted, and cities were leveled.
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