Melted rock can ooze out from below Earth's surface through a crack in the crust called a ______?

Melted rock can ooze out from below Earth's surface through a crack in the crust called a volcano. This melted rock is referred to as magma when it is beneath the surface, and upon reaching the surface, it is known as lava. Various processes can cause rock to melt and form magma, such as decompression melting, flux melting, and the addition of heat.
For instance, magma is often generated at the base of the earth's crust where the conditions of pressure and temperature are favorable for the melting of rock. When conditions like a decrease in pressure or an increase in temperature occur, rock at this depth can cross the solidus line, transforming into magma. Furthermore, the presence of water can lower the melting temperature of the rock, also leading to magma formation.
Igneous rocks are formed when this magma cools and solidifies. If the magma reaches the Earth's surface and cools, it forms extrusive igneous rocks. In contrast, if it cools while still inside the earth, it forms intrusive igneous rocks. Volcanoes can be found at tectonic plate boundaries or above 'hot spots' where mantle plumes cause the temperature of the lithosphere to increase, resulting in melted rock.

Answered by qwstar | 2024-06-18

Melted rock escapes through a crack in the Earth's crust called a volcano. Magma rises due to its lower density and can result in lava flows during an eruption. The formation of magma can occur through processes like decompression melting and the addition of water, affecting volcanic activity.
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Answered by qwstar | 2024-10-09