Give the IUPAC nomenclature of the following:
I. [tex]CH _3( CH _2)_5 CHC ( CH _3) C ( CH _3)_3[/tex]
II. Ethyl methaneate Trans - 2,3-dimethyl had - 2 ene
III. [tex]Cl ( CH _3)_2 CH _2 CHCHCHCCl ) CH _3[/tex]
Answer (2)
Identify the longest carbon chain in each compound to determine the parent name (nonane for Compound I, heptene for Compound II).
Number the carbon atoms to give the lowest possible numbers to substituents and functional groups (double bonds).
Name and list the substituents in alphabetical order with their corresponding carbon numbers.
Combine the substituent names, parent name, and any necessary locants and descriptors to construct the full IUPAC name: Compound I: 4-tert-butyl-3,4-dimethylnonane, Compound II: 1-chloro-6,6-dimethyl-2,4-heptadiene.
Compound I: 4-tert-butyl-3,4-dimethylnonane, Compound II: 1-chloro-6,6-dimethyl-2,4-heptadiene
Explanation
Problem Analysis and Solution Plan Let's analyze the given organic compounds and determine their IUPAC names.
Data and problem analysis:
The question asks for the IUPAC nomenclature of two organic compounds.
Compound I: C H 3 ( C H 2 ) 5 C H C ( C H 3 ) C ( C H 3 ) 3
Compound II: Cl ( C H 3 ) 2 C H 2 C H C H C H CCl ) C H 3
Objective: Determine the IUPAC names for the given organic compounds.
Solution plan:
For compound I, identify the longest carbon chain. Number the carbon atoms to give the lowest possible numbers to the substituents. Name the substituents and write the IUPAC name.
For compound II, identify the longest carbon chain. Number the carbon atoms to give the lowest possible numbers to the substituents. Name the substituents and write the IUPAC name.
IUPAC Nomenclature Determination Compound I: C H 3 ( C H 2 ) 5 C H C ( C H 3 ) C ( C H 3 ) 3
Identify the longest carbon chain: The longest chain contains 9 carbon atoms. Therefore, the parent alkane is nonane.
Number the carbon atoms: Number the chain from the left side to give the lowest possible numbers to the substituents. The substituents are on carbons 3, 4, and 4.
Name the substituents:
At carbon 3, there is a methyl group ( C H 3 ).
At carbon 4, there are two methyl groups and one tert-butyl group ( C ( C H 3 ) 3 ).
Write the IUPAC name: 4-tert-butyl-3,4-dimethylnonane
Compound II: Cl ( C H 3 ) 2 C H 2 C H C H C H CCl ) C H 3
Identify the longest carbon chain: The longest chain contains 7 carbon atoms. Therefore, the parent alkene is heptene.
Number the carbon atoms: Number the chain from the right side to give the lowest possible numbers to the substituents and the double bonds. The double bonds are between carbons 2 and 3, and 4 and 5. The substituents are on carbons 1 and 6.
Name the substituents:
At carbon 1, there is a chlorine atom (Cl).
At carbon 6, there are two methyl groups ( C H 3 ).
Write the IUPAC name: 1-chloro-6,6-dimethyl-2,4-heptadiene
Final Answer Therefore, the IUPAC names for the given organic compounds are:
Compound I: 4-tert-butyl-3,4-dimethylnonane Compound II: 1-chloro-6,6-dimethyl-2,4-heptadiene
Examples
IUPAC nomenclature is essential in chemistry for uniquely identifying chemical compounds. In research, it ensures that scientists worldwide can accurately understand and replicate experiments. In industry, it's crucial for labeling chemicals, ensuring safety, and facilitating international trade by providing a standardized naming system. For example, when synthesizing a new drug, its IUPAC name provides a clear, unambiguous identifier, preventing confusion and ensuring correct formulation.
The IUPAC names for the given compounds are: Compound I: 4-tert-butyl-3,4-dimethylnonane, Compound II: 1-ethyl-3,4-dimethyl-2-heptene, and Compound III: 1,4-dichloro-2,2-dimethylhexane.
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