Formal powers of the president are specifically outlined in the Constitution, while informal powers develop from practice and tradition. Formal powers include roles like the Commander-in-Chief and treaty-making, whereas informal powers involve actions like issuing executive orders and public persuasion. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is A: Formal powers are listed in the Constitution, while informal powers are not.
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The main difference between formal and informal presidential powers is that formal powers are explicitly defined in the U.S. Constitution, while informal powers have developed through tradition and practice. Formal powers include specific roles such as the Commander-in-Chief and treaty-making abilities, whereas informal powers encompass actions like executive orders and public persuasion. Recognizing this difference is crucial for understanding the executive branch's function. ;